Slope mining coal Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Slope mining coal - Research Proposal Example However, with surface depletion of coal and the receding of the levels at which coal strata are found to deeper underground, slope mines are more commonly being used (ThinkQuest, 2006). Slope mining of coal is the process by which coal is tapped from the coal bed or coal seam lying deep under a mountain or ground surface, through an inclined opening on the mountain side. From the opening, a slanting tunnel that is bored through the rock strata present over the coal, down to the coal seam, is used for mining the coal. If the stratum of coal is inclined and exposed to the surface of mountain side or ground, the slope mine may be created along the coal layer (MSN Encarta, 2008). If the gradation of the slope is steeply inclined, transportation of the coal out of the slope mine is carried out by an electrically operated belt conveyor system or an electric hoist and steel rope. If the slope has a gradual incline, coal transportation is undertaken by using a trolley locomotive running on tracks (MSN Encarta, 2008). In Figure 1. above, the mine shaft slanting down to the coal bed is seen. Through the slope tunnel, conveyors transport the coal out of the mine. In cases where there are two shafts as seen in the above diagram, special commuting devices are used for transporting the men in and out of the mine through one shaft; while the coal is taken out through the other (ThinkQuest, 2006). Transportation of the mined coal to markets or ports are mainly by railroad, road, shipping, slurry pipelines, and long distance conveyor systems which though useful, can accommodate only limited tonnage of coal and run from one source to only one destination. â€Å"As the overland distance to the coal deposits increases, the costs become greater and the coal becomes less competitive† (Clark: 28). According to world reserve statistics, coal is the second most abundant fossil found in nature. The cost of coal mining depends on mine characteristics,

The Best Accounting Software Systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Best Accounting Software Systems - Essay Example The software is best for small and medium-sized businesses because first of all, it prides itself with a very easy to use system where you can do almost all accounting job done from calculating payroll checks with correct federal, state, and local taxes, keep track of employees’ pay records including vacation and sick leaves, produce accurate payroll register reports, calculate and print employees W2, W3, 1099-M at the year-end, create direct deposit files and a lot more! Computer specifications to get the most of the software would be at least 1gb RAM, 600 MB of free disk space, and preferably Windows Server 2003. What is great about this is that prices start at $249 only depending on the package you need (Accounts Receivable, Accounts Payable, Direct Deposit, n.d.) The second alternative to payroll accounting system would be Andica software manufactured by Andica which is suitable for all types of businesses because it complies with the latest government legislation that would be sure to allow payments of salaries and at the same time be able to monitor the deductions by allowing you to do statutory calculations without being an accountant. Also, what is great about this software is that you can immediately view employee data on the screen and would give you an organized file in easy to follow reports. Some of its essential features are as follows: calculation of PAYE, National Insurance Contributions, Statutory Payments such as Statutory Sick Pay SSP, Statutory Maternity Pay SMP, Statutory Paternity Pay SPP, Statutory Adoption Pay SAP, students loan deductions and perform a range of other payroll functions.